IoT based Search and Rescue with Unmanned Vehicles

Project Domain / Category

Digital Logic Design (DLD) / Internet of Things (IoT)

Abstract / Introduction

Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in hazardous and inaccessible environments present significant challenges, often endangering the lives of rescue personnel. Traditional methods, which rely on human teams or manned aircraft, can be slow, costly, and ineffective in complex scenarios such as collapsed buildings, toxic gas zones, or vast wilderness areas. This project directly addresses these limitations by developing a Low-Cost Unmanned Search and Rescue Rover capable of operating in confined spaces. The system’s core is a remotely controlled vehicle (rover) engineered to conduct mission-critical operations without risking human lives. The design includes long-range, low-power communication, autonomous navigation, and basic object detection capabilities.

Students will gain practical experience in IoT and robotics, applying concepts of networking, security, and hardware integration to create a functional prototype. By focusing on a cost-effective, high-impact solution, this project demonstrates how modern telecommunications and information technology can enhance rescue missions while maintaining affordability. The rover will provide real-time situational awareness to a central command, ensuring safer and more strategic rescue efforts.

Functional Requirements:

Vehicle Platform

Design or use a simple, low-cost RC rover or custom-built wheeled/tracked robot chassis depending on terrain.

Remote Control and Communication

Implement a basic wireless control system using modules such as HC-12 or a 2.4 GHz receiver to transmit commands from the control station.

Live Video Feed

Mount a camera sensor (FPV or Raspberry Pi Camera Module) to stream a live video feed to the operator.

Human Detection

Employ a passive infrared (PIR) sensor for basic, low-cost human detection, offering a budget-conscious alternative to AI-based frameworks.

Environmental Monitoring

Integrate gas sensors (e.g., MQ-7) to detect dangerous gases for enhanced rescue capability.

System Design and Integration

Use a microcontroller (Arduino) or a single-board computer (Raspberry Pi) as the central processing unit.

Integrate motors, camera, sensors, and power supply (Li-Po battery).

Dashboard / Backend

Develop a simple web application or interface to display live video, sensor data, and allow remote control.

Desirable Outcomes:

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